checkpoint change and current scn

SQL> create tablespace NEWTBS datafile '/tmp/newtbs.dbf' size 50M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> create table hemant.objcopy tablespace newtbs as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> select file_id from dba_data_files where tablespace_name = 'NEWTBS';

   FILE_ID
----------
        15

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> select f.checkpoint_change#, h.checkpoint_change#
  2  from v$datafile f, v$datafile_header h
  3  where f.file#=15 and h.file#=15 and f.file#=h.file#;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------ ------------------
           5312187            5312187

SQL> 

I then backup the tablespace :

RMAN> backup tablespace newtbs;

Starting backup at 20-MAY-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=13 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00015 name=/tmp/newtbs.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-MAY-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-MAY-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_05_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20120520T230907_7vl28n6q_.bkp tag=TAG20120520T230907 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20-MAY-12

Starting Control File Autobackup at 20-MAY-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2012_05_20/o1_mf_n_783817749_7vl28oln_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 20-MAY-12

RMAN> 

Next, I update the object(s) in the tablespace.

SQL> connect hemant/hemant    
Connected.
SQL> select segment_name from user_segments where tablespace_name = 'NEWTBS';

SEGMENT_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OBJCOPY

SQL> insert into objcopy select * from dba_objects;

76670 rows created.

SQL> update objcopy set owner = owner || '_1';

153301 rows updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> 
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL>

I then remove and restore the datafile :

SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> !rm /tmp/newtbs*.dbf

SQL> alter database datafile 15 offline;

Database altered.

SQL> 
RMAN> restore datafile 15;

Starting restore at 20-MAY-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00015 to /tmp/newtbs.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_05_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20120520T230907_7vl28n6q_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2012_05_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20120520T230907_7vl28n6q_.bkp tag=TAG20120520T230907
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished restore at 20-MAY-12

RMAN> 

If I now query the V$DATAFILE and V$DATAFILE_HEADER views, I see :

SQL> select f.checkpoint_change#, h.checkpoint_change#
  2  from v$datafile f, v$datafile_header h
  3  where f.file#=15 and h.file#=15 and f.file#=h.file#
  4  /

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------ ------------------
           5315901            5313637

SQL> 

I then RECOVER the datafile :

SQL> recover datafile 15;
ORA-00279: change 5313637 generated at 05/20/2012 23:09:08 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2012_05_20/o1_mf_1_1
3_7vl2f3nf_.arc
ORA-00280: change 5313637 for thread 1 is in sequence #13


Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

Log applied.
Media recovery complete.
SQL> 
SQL> select f.checkpoint_change#, h.checkpoint_change#
  2  from v$datafile f, v$datafile_header h
  3  where f.file#=15 and h.file#=15 and f.file#=h.file#
  4  /

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------ ------------------
           5321980            5321980

SQL> 

Note : The CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# has been incremented and both the views now show the same value. Bringing the datafile online again increments the CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#.

SQL> select f.checkpoint_change#, h.checkpoint_change#
  2  from v$datafile f, v$datafile_header h
  3  where f.file#=15 and h.file#=15 and f.file#=h.file#
  4  /

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------ ------------------
           5322278            5322278

SQL> 

I could ask the question : Why is the CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# incremented for a datafile that was OFFLINE and [merely] RECOVERed ?  But I am sure that you know the answer now.